The successful operation of GIS depends on its use components. There are five types of components used in GIS.

COMPONENTS OF GIS

1. Hardware

2. Software

3. Data

4. People

5. Methods

1. Hardware:-The hardware is a computer system, it is used for the storage and process of the data. The size of the computer depends on the types and nature of GIS. A small scale GIS required a small personal computer while a large scale enterprise GIS required a larger computer for supports of the GIS. Other devices of hardware also required in GIS, Such as plotter and printer for printing the maps. The scanners and digitizing table also required for scan and digitizing or drawing the map. The GPS receiver also used to collect field data.

scanner

computer

plotter

DIGITIZER

GPS

2.Software:-The software is used in GIS for purpose of store,analyze and display of geographical information data . In the GIS contain number of tools for query, manage, transfomation of data and sattelite imagery data. In the GIS software also included cad system for using drawing and measurement purposes.

The GIS software also used to make a new database for future use.

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3.DATA:-The most important component of GIS is data. The data is collected from the house, Commercial data provider. Most GIS employs a DBMS to create and maintain a database to help organize and manage data. The data comes in the GIS in two forms. Geographical or spatial data, and attribute of spatial data. Spatial data are data that have a clear geographical location in the form of a set of coordinates. The sources of spatial data are maps, charts, scanned drawings, import cad data, GPS receiver data, and satellite imagery data. Attribute data are descriptive sets of data that contain various information relevant to a particular location. The sources of attribute data are computer-stored data, Database, and messaging data.

spatial data

ATTRIBUTE DATA

4. PEOPLE:-The GIS technology can not be implemented without users. That user makes design and decision for support tools for real-world problems. Some users invested the time to learn how to effectively use these tools. Other users only need specific answers to their users. Hence, maximum utilization of GIS by the users, it is necessary to invest in workstation training of the users.

WORKSTATION TRAINING

5. Method:- The success of GIS depends on the well-designed implementation plan and business. Which are the models and operating practices unique organization. Using the new technology of GIS required hiring personnel to utilize the new technology.